名词在句子中的作用:名词在句子中可以作主语、宾语、宾语补足语、表语、定语,有时可以作状语。
名词、代词或其他结构作主语时,谓语动词在人称和数上必须不主语保持一致。
①.主语是可数名词单数时,谓语动词用单数形式;主语是复数时,谓语动词用复数形式。
All roads lead to Rome。(条条大路通罗马。)
His brother is an industrial engineer 。
The number of the students attending the party is increasing。
★the number of 表示数量,无论后面名词是复数还是单数,谓语动词是单数形式。
Two-thirds of the shop belongs to me。
★two-thirds 三分之二
几分之几作主语,谓语是单数形式。
belong to 属于某人
Both of us are studying English。
★总结:在名词作主语时,the number of 谓语动词单数形式;
几分之几,谓语单数形式;
both 谓语使用复数形式。
②、主语是不可数名词、不定式或动名词词组、从句时,谓语动词用单数形式。
All the money he received was given to his mother 。
Forgetting the past means betrayal。
What we are talking now is useless 。
③.主语部分若有as well as, with, together with, like, but, except 等短语,谓语动词的单、复数不短语前面的名词一致。
Mary, as well as her two sisters, is a student of this school。
(as well as her two sisters 作主语Mary 的主语补足语,主语 Mary 是单数,所以谓语动词用复数形式)
No one except my friends knows anything about it。
④.表示时间、距离、重量、价值等的复数名词作主语时,如果当作整体看待,谓语动词用单数
形式。“…+(×)…=…”算式中的谓语动词也用单数形式。
Three times two is six 。
Three kilometers is 3,ooo metres. (three kilometers 作为整体来看)
⑤.Either, neither 作主语时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Neither of us has been to Italy。
Has either of them been to Shanghai?
none 代表可数的人或东西时,谓语动词可以用单数也可以用复数,代表不可数的东西时,谓语动词用单数形式。
None of the students have/has seen the film 。
None of the money belongs to me 。
⑥.主语由 either…or, neither…nor, not only…but also 连接时,谓语形式由最邻近的主语决定。
Not only you but also I am wrong。
Neither my aunt nor I am going out this afternoon 。
Either you or she is to do the work。
⑦.主语中有and,如果表示单一概念,谓语动词用单数。
The bread and butter is nice。
⑧.主语前有many a, more than one 修饰时,谓语动词用单数形式。
Many a book has been read by the students。
★many a book=many books
More than one person has been to the Great Wall 。
⑨.集合名词作主语,当作整体看待时,谓语动词用单数形式,当作每个独立的个体看待时, 谓语动词用复数。
The committee meets once a year. (作为整体)
The committee are having a meeting now. (作为独立个体)
People, police 作主语时,谓语动词用复数形式。
The police have come to arrest him。